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Chimpanzee native habitat1/7/2024 This model was then exported to Africa, and especially applied to British East Africa (Neumann 1996). This was the case in 1879 with the Shoshone tribes in the Yellowstone National Park, the first ever national park, funded in 1872 (Vernizzi 2011). In colonial territories or newly established nations (such as the US, Canada and Australia), people were generally not allowed inside national parks and native populations were forcibly transferred to other areas. In Europe people were generally involved in management decisions and continued to reside within the parks. However, it is rarely acknowledged that the ways in which national parks were established and managed differed geographically. To acknowledge the importance of the ethical treatment of local people, as well as the wildlife, a protocol could be established so that field researchers include an ethics statement at the end of research papers, such as “the research has been carried out in a protected area that adopts a fair policy toward local communities”, much in the same way that behavioural research on wildlife requires an ethics statement.ĢThe idea of national parks was born in the United States and spread quickly across the world. Furthermore, a reliance on protected areas to ensure biodiversity conservation poses several ethics issues related to the treatment of local human populations, some of which have used these areas to access resources for generations and have now had restrictions imposed on them. This casts doubt regarding claims that species such as the chimpanzee always act as important “umbrella” species (defined as species with large area requirements, which if given sufficient protected habitat area will bring many other species under protection Caro 2003) for biodiversity conservation in African forest fragments (Gippoliti and Sousa 2004). Some large-bodied species, such as the chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes), exhibit predatory behaviour toward other species, such as red colobus monkeys ( Piliocolobus spp.) (Watts and Amsler 2013), which might also be threatened locally with extinction. For example, the conservation efforts for single species are often justified by their beauty, intelligence, physical similarities to humans, but can such attitudes remain successful in the long term? Human preference to conserve certain large-bodied animals is paradoxical if we consider that “wild” habitats are shrinking and become increasingly isolated, and thus threaten the viability of large-sized animal populations. Several nurseries have been set up to provide a mix of native trees and food crop trees to reforest these areas.1Conservation efforts will only succeed if the conservation and scientific communities demand an ethical approach to biodiversity conservation. These guardians patrol, gather information on bushmeat hunting and help communities to understand the importance of great ape conservation.įinally, the programme aims to actively restore degraded areas of forest to benefit great apes, and other wildlife. The Guardians of Dja programme supports at least two anti-poaching patrols each year, and has also recruited 12 ‘Great Ape Guardians’ from local communities. Students at the school receive ten hours of conservation lessons a week and the staff receive conservation training. The programme also provides primary education at a school which can teach 100 pupils per year. Farmers are encouraged to re-use previously farmed land (fallows) using composting to bring nutrients back to the soil. Central Chimpanzee in the Dja © MPI-EVA PanAfīorn Free support staff to deliver training courses in sustainable agroforestry practices (combining agriculture with trees), with students empowered to develop a reliable trade in cocoa and pepper.
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